AP U.S. History
ESSAY TOPICS FOR UNIT 9 EXAM: GILDED AGE
1.  Gilded Age politics
  • corruption
  • money issue in 1870s (Greenbackers)
  • tariff issue in 1880s (also civil service reform)
  • money issue in 1890s (gold vs. silver)
4.  Urbanization
  • Growth of cities
  • "New Immigration" and responses to immigration:
    • Political machines
    • Social Gospel and Social Crusaders 
    • Nativism (also discuss Chinese)
  • Living and working conditions for workingclass
  • Class stratification by 1900
  • Reformers: prohibition, women’s suffrage
  • Challenges for Protestant churches
  • Education
  • Culture: literature, art
  • Reform writers:George, Bellamy, et al
2.  Industrialism
  • Impact of transcontinental railroad (and railroad industry as a whole)
  • steel industry
  • oil industry
  • trusts and holding companies
  • legislation aimed at curbing trusts
  • relevant Supreme Court decisions.
  • "Gospel of Wealth"
  • The "New South"
5. Great West
  • Impact of Transcontinental RR
  • Indian Wars and Indian policies
  • Three frontiers: mining, ranching, farming (farm as a factory)
  • Plight of the farmer
3.  Unionization
  • National Labor Union, 1866
  • Great Railroad Strike, 1877
  • Knights of Labor
  • American Federation of Labor
  • Homestead & Pullman strikes
  • Anti-labor Court decisions, injunctions, and legislation.
6. 1890s politics
  • Populism
  • Panic of 1893
  • Election of 1896
  • Jim Crow
  • Washington vs. Du Bois
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